Abstract

Cavernous malformations (CMs, cavernomas) are angiographically hidden vascular malformations with low blood flow, which can be found in various parts of the central nervous system and have a sinusoidal structure [1,3,7,8]. Microscopically, they represent accumulations of sinusoids formed by a collagen skeleton, lined with a single layer of endothelium and with presence of endothelial fenestrations, as well as gaps in intercellular junctions. A characteristic feature is the absence of smooth muscle cells and elastic fibers in the walls of the cavities [1,8]. Clinical manifestations of CMs can appear at any age, but often appear between the 2nd and 5th decades of age.

Keywords

• Cavernous malformations, cavernoma, brain stem, pons.

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